Health impact of the commercially cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus and the wild-growing mushroom Ganoderma resinaceum – A comparative overview

Abstract

The health promoting effects of hot water extracts obtained from fruiting bodies of the commercially cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus (AbHW) and the wild-growing mushroom Ganoderma resinaceum (GrHW) originating from northern Serbia are presented in this research. These abilities were compared in vitro by the prevention of lipid peroxidation (LPx) in a lino­leic acid model system, inhibition of the angiotension converting I enzyme (ACE) that could help in the maintenance of a normal blood pressure level and strengthening the ability of the central cholinergic neuron by inhibiting the act­ivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Cytotoxic activities were observed towards selected human malignant (HeLa and K562) cell lines and normal-
-human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). GrHW contains higher phenolics (5.9 g (100 g)-1), inhibition of LPx (EC50 = 1.07 mg mL-1), ACE (IC50 = 0.54 mg mL-1) and AChE (IC50 = 0.37 mg mL-1), and exhibited a sig­nificant selectivity in the antitumour action against HeLa (IC50 = 0.14 mg mL-1) and K562 (IC50 = 0.11 mg mL-1) cells. AbHW contained higher total protein (6.4 g (100 g)-1), carbohydrate (75.4 g (100 g)-1) and β-glucan (55.1 g (100 g)-1) contents and induced significant proliferation of healthy PBMC from 152–116 % in the concentration range of 0.047–0.187 mg mL-1. The difference in the biological activity of the extracts provides guidance on their use as functional food.