Innovation in printer ink based on Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) derived from styrofoam waste for anti-counterfeiting document technology Scientific paper
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Abstract
In response to the dual challenges of the environmental plastic pollution and the rise of document forgery, this study presents a novel fluorescent printer ink based on Nitrogen and Boron co-doped Carbon Quantum Dots (N,B-codoped CQDs) derived from styrofoam waste. The CQDs were synthesized using a microwave-assisted green synthesis approach, and their photoluminescent properties were tailored via co-doping with urea and boric acid. The resulting ink formulation not only exhibited strong dual-colour fluorescence under 365 nm and 532 nm excitation but also demonstrated effective printability and stability on standard paper substrates. Characterization techniques including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence emission, FTIR, and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) confirmed the successful incorporation of heteroatoms and the formation of nanoscale amorphous CQDs with rich surface functionality. Compared to the commercial printer ink, the N,B-codoped CQDs printer ink offered superior anti-counterfeiting features through fluorescence activation, albeit with a slightly lower ink absorption rate (0.47 ± 0.14 cm/min vs. 0.74 ± 0.06 cm/min). This study introduces a low-cost, eco-friendly, and scalable strategy for producing smart ink with potential applications in secure printing and sustainable nanomaterial development.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
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Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi
Grant numbers 2546/E2/DT.01.00/2024
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