Fabrication of visible-light photoactive TiO2/BiVO4 composite for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin

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Published: Jan 9, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC250613001D
Keywords:
semiconductor heterojunctions antibiotic residues hydrothermal photocatalysis

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Thu Loan Dang
Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 100000, Vietnam
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0821-4412
Vu Van Tu
Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do Ward, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4425-7604
Thi Hue Nguyen
Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7922-9423
Duc Van Nguyen
Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-4996
Thi Thao Ta
Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 100000, Vietnam
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9401-1178

Abstract

Pure BiVO4 and three TiO2/BiVO4 composite photocatalysts with Bi3+: Ti4+ molar ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1 were readily synthesized for the first time using a one-pot hydrothermal procedure for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin. Conducting the hydrothermal reaction in a basic medium yielded single-phase scheelite monoclinic polymorphic BiVO4 (ms-BiVO4) in the composite samples. Microstructural analysis showed spherical TiO2 nanoparticles with an average grain size of 120 nm embedded on the surface of BiVO4 nanoplates. The optimized composite exhibited a ciprofloxacin photodegradation reaction rate constant was about 3.8 times higher than that of the pure BiVO4 sample. This significant enhancement is attributed to the formation of a TiO2/BiVO4 heterojunction, which promotes efficient charge separation. This research expands the knowledge on designing of BiVO4-rich composites (with Bi3+:Ti4+ molar ratio ³ 1:1) via heterogeneous junction engineering to enhance photocatalytic activity beyond that of pure BiVO4. This research also provided a perspective on using the BiVO4-rich composites as effective photocatalysts as degradation of antibiotics in aqueous media under visible-light irradiation.

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[1]
T. L. Dang, V. V. Tu, T. H. Nguyen, D. V. Nguyen, and T. T. Ta, “Fabrication of visible-light photoactive TiO2/BiVO4 composite for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin”, J. Serb. Chem. Soc., Jan. 2026.
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Environmental Chemistry
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