Application of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in electrochemical sensors Review

Abstract

Recently, the development of eco-friendly, cost-effective and reliable methods for synthesis of metal nanoparticles has drawn a considerable atten­tion. The so-called green synthesis, using mild reaction conditions and natural resources as plant extracts and microorganisms, has established as a conve­nient, sustainable, cheap and environmentally safe approach for synthesis of a wide range of nanomaterials. Over the past decade, biosynthesis is regarded as an important tool for reducing the harmful effects of traditional nanoparticle synthesis methods commonly used in laboratories and industry. This review emphasizes the significance of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in the field of electrochemical sensing. There is increasing evidence that green synthesis of nanoparticles provides a new direction in designing of cost-effective, highly sensitive and selective electrode-catalysts applicable in food, clinical and envi­ronmental analysis. The article is based on 157 references and provided a det­ailed overview on the main approaches for green synthesis of metal nano­par­ticles and their applications in designing of electrochemical sensor devices. Important operational characteristics including sensitivity, dynamic range, limit of detection, as well as data on stability and reproducibility of sensors have also been covered.